The next speakers in this session at the ZeMKI 20th anniversary conference in Bremen are Julie Lüpkes and Anne Schmitz, whose focus is on the imagining of digital futures in digital tool development in education and journalism. These are examples of the mutual shaping of technology and society, through a reciprocal process of co-production, and they may embed a variety of smaller or larger ideas for the future, from projection through vision to imaginaries.

What digital futures do such tools present, then, and what factors limit their full realisation? This study engaged in media ethnographies and stakeholder interviews to understand …

And we end Day One of the ZeMKI 20th anniversary conference in Bremen with another keynote, by the great Cristian Vaccari and his reflections on political participation in the digital age. He begins by looking back on digital media and democracy over the past twenty years: against the backdrop of the emergence and gradual adoption of what was then called ‘new media’, and subsequently social media, accessed now predominantly via mobile devices, we have seen considerable shifts in how we understand these communicative spaces.

In 2006, Time’s famous ‘you’ cover highlighted user-generated content and user agency over their own …

The third speaker in this session at the ZeMKI 20th anniversary conference in Bremen is Michael Brüggemann, whose focus is on the role of journalism in fuelling discursive polarisation. He begins by referencing controversial public debates about radical climate protests, which usually evidence some level of discursive polarisation. Such polarisation may be ideological and/or affective, and and become destructive for public debate.

This contrasts with democratic transformative communication, which enables societies to address such conflicts productively. Literature has identified a number of factors that may polarise or depolarise; interestingly, exposure to dissonant views is often seen as polarising, but this …

I presented the next paper at the AoIR 2025 conference, presenting the reflections of a large QUT team on how we might study election discussions across a wide range of social media platforms in the increasingly fragmented online platform environment. Here are our slides:

The third speaker in this session at the AoIR 2025 conference is my QUT colleague Carly Lubicz-Zaorski, whose focus is on the dynamics of division and delay in Australian climate and energy discussions. Australia has had a long history of ‘climate wars’ over the appropriate climate policy; during the last election, the conservative opposition pushed for a nuclear energy initiative in part as a means to delay the transition towards renewable energies, for example.

Australians’ understanding of climate change and of the current energy mix is generally limited, and there is considerable opposition especially on the conservative side to net …

The next speaker in this panel at the AoIR 2025 conference is my QUT colleague Laura Vodden, presenting her work on exploring LLM-assisted frame analysis of news coverage. This focusses here especially on Australian climate activism news coverage. The first challenge here, of course, is to understand framing, which usually includes a problem definition, suggested causes, proposed solutions, blame attribution, and and addressee for the solution. Such framing frequently occurs in news reporting.

Laura’s slides are here:

Frame analysis is a difficult and labour-intensive task, however; it requires critical engagement with complex material, and human coding is …

The final presentation in this final session at the IAMCR 2025 conference in Singapore is by Zhieh Lor, Jihyang Choi, and Jaehyun Lee, who introduce the idea of a virtuous circle between nerds, political efficacy, and political participation. However, such active citizenship has continued to evolve, and new forms of political engagement like hashtag activism have emerged in the meantime – so how do people engage with politics today? What is their political participation repertoire?

Such political participation may include offline and online participation, lifestyle politics, and selective issue-based participation; the repertoire encompassing these participation styles may vary widely from …

The next speaker in this session at the IAMCR 2025 conference in Singapore is the great Renee Barnes, with a paper on strategic political news avoidance. This is a comparative study between Australia and Singapore, but the paper today is about the Australian side. Political news is of critical importance, yet information overload, issue  fatigue, lack of media trust, emotional reactions to the news, a perception of low relevance and impact, and general indifference all contributing to news avoidance; there may also be a difference between intentional and unintentional news avoidance.

How do all these factors intersect with each other …