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A Final Round-Up of Publications and Other Updates from 2024

I disappeared on summer holidays pretty much immediately after my keynote on practice mapping at the ACSPRI conference in Sydney in late November, so I haven’t yet had a chance to round up my and our last few publications for the year (as well as a handful of early arrivals from 2025). And what a year it’s been – although it’s felt as if I’ve taken a more supportive than leading role these past few months, there have still been quite a few new developments, and a good lot more to come. I’ll group these thematically here:

 

Polarisation, Destructive or Otherwise

Central to the work of my current Australian Laureate Fellowship has been the development of our concept of destructive polarisation, and exploration of the five key symptoms we’ve identified for it: (a) breakdown of communication; (b) discrediting and dismissing of information; (c) erasure of complexities; (d) exacerbated attention to and space for extreme voices; and (e) exclusion through emotions. The point here is to distinguish such clearly problematic dynamics from other forms of polarisation that are more quotidian and benign, and may even be beneficial as they enable different sides of an argument to better define what they stand for. Where polarisation becomes destructive, on the other hand, mainstream political and societal cohesion declines and fails (and aren’t we seeing a lot of that at the moment…). I’ve got to pay tribute here to my Laureate Fellowship team, and especially the four Postdoctoral Research Associates Katharina Esau, Tariq dos Santos Choucair, Sebastian Svegaard, and Samantha Vilkins – Katharina in particular drove the development of this concept from its first presentation at the 2023 ICA conference in Toronto to the comprehensive journal article which has now been published in Information, Communication & Society:

Katharina Esau, Tariq Choucair, Samantha Vilkins, Sebastian F.K. Svegaard, Axel Bruns, Kate O'Connor-Farfan, and Carly Lubicz-Zaorski. “Destructive Polarization in Digital Communication Contexts: A Critical Review and Conceptual Framework.Information, Communication & Society, 2024. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2024.2413127.

Meanwhile, I’ve led the writing on a second article that also outlines this concept and provides some further examples for its symptoms. This has now been published in the new Routledge Handbook of Political Campaigning, and counts as our first publication in 2025:

For Different Generations, What Even Is News?

The final speaker in this AANZCA 2024 conference session is Kirsty Anderson, whose interest is in how younger and older news audiences use the news differently. Interviews with news users bear this out: for younger users news is whatever pops up on their social media feeds, while older users might regard only fully fact-checked information as news.

Distinguishing Political from General News Avoidance

The next speakers in this AANZCA 2024 conference session are Caroline Fisher and Renee Barnes, whose interest is in news avoidance. They begin by noting the global rise in news avoidance in recent years (not least following the COVID-19 pandemic), and this raises considerable concerns for democratic engagement in society.

Source and Engagement Diversity for Australian News on Facebook

The final day at thre AANZCA 2024 conference starts with a session on online news consumption, and the first speaker is Cameron McTernan, whose interest is in source and exposure diversity on Facebook. Facebook remains the most popular social media platform in Australia, but the future of news on the platform is in some doubt, given the impact of the News Media Bargaining Code and Meta’s intention to downrank or even remove news from its platforms.

Australian News Media’s Lukewarm Response to the Counter-Terrorism Laws That Curb Its Freedoms

The final speakers in this AANZCA 2024 conference session are Saira Ali and Catherine Son, exploring Australian media’s response to counter-terrorism laws that limit press freedom. Such laws emerged in the post-9/11 era, and Australia has now passed a record 96 counter-terrorism laws since 2001 – these compound the lack of explicit provisions for press freedom under Australian law.

What Happened on Facebook during Its Australian News Ban?

I was the next speaker in this AANZCA 2024 conference session, presenting our research on the changes in news posting and engagement during Facebook’s brief news ban in Australia in late February 2021, following the introduction of Australia’s ill-fated News Media Bargaining Code. We would have liked to examine this for the ongoing news ban in Canada since August 2023, too, but unfortunately the Facebook URL Shares dataset has not been updated since November 2022, so we have not data to work with at this stage.

My slides are below:

How and When Are News Media Subsidies Justified by Governments

The final AANZCA 2024 conference session is on media regulation and starts with Timothy Koskie, with a paper on news media regulation. He notes that we are in a time of permacrisis, and this is also being presented to us by contemporary news coverage; can these real or imagined catastrophes also provide us with an impulse for us to rethink news media regulation?

Assessing Media Concentration in the New Network Media Economy

The final AANZCA 2024 conference session for today is one I’m also presenting in, but we start with a paper Terry Flew and Cameron McTernan. Terry starts by noting that Australia has long had one of the most concentrated media systems in the world. The Global Media and Internet Concentration Project (GMICP) is a new initiative to further explore such concentration patterns here and abroad, and trace their dynamics over time.

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