The final session today at the AoIR 2025 conference starts with my excellent QUT colleague Tariq Choucair, who begins by introducing the challenge of assessing polarisation: there are many different definitions of polarisation, which require different measures of assessment. Most current methods fail to sufficiently distinguish between these types of polarisation.

Tariq is therefore proposing a new approach to assessing polarisation, which he has applied to the study of national electoral contests in Australia, Brazil, Denmark, and Peru. The focus here is to identify polarising rhetoric, including campaign attacks, and polarisation in broader public debates.

The method focusses especially on …

The final speaker in this session at the AoIR 2025 conference is my QUT colleague Dan Angus, presenting our work on AI chatbots’ responses to conspiracist ideation. Ai chatbots are now widely used by everyday users; this is leading to a range of problematic outcomes, as people are being drawn into deep emotional relationships with such chatbots, for instance. Chatbots are also increasingly manipulated to represent distinct ideological perspectives.

Here are our slides:

What happens, then, when chatbots are asked specifically about conspiracy theories? What guardrails and safety mechanisms, if any, are in place in leading …

The next speaker in this panel at the AoIR 2025 conference is my QUT colleague Laura Vodden, presenting her work on exploring LLM-assisted frame analysis of news coverage. This focusses here especially on Australian climate activism news coverage. The first challenge here, of course, is to understand framing, which usually includes a problem definition, suggested causes, proposed solutions, blame attribution, and and addressee for the solution. Such framing frequently occurs in news reporting.

Laura’s slides are here:

Frame analysis is a difficult and labour-intensive task, however; it requires critical engagement with complex material, and human coding is …