Streaming Media

And the final speaker in this session at the Social Media & Society conference in Glasgow is Nadia Urban, whose focus is on algorithmic grooming and governance in social media cultures. Such processes require users to actively infer and internalise algorithmic norms: to learn the algorithm and bend it to their own ends.

But this cuts both ways: there is a conditioning mechanism in the everyday interaction between users and algorithms which also grooms the users. Algorithms produce social order in social media environments, while users are also active interpreters of these algorithm’s functionality; what is missing is a better …

The next speakers in this session at the Social Media & Society conference in Glasgow are Carlos Entrena-Serrano and Tom Wright, whose interest is in TikTok creators’ response to the Trump government’s efforts to affect how TikTok works. Both Trump and Biden pushed for a change in ownership in TikTok’s US operations during their Presidencies; this has the potential to profoundly affect millions of users, especially if it ends up changing what content is promoted by the platform.

TikTok is now a sociotechnical assemblage that is deeply embedded into the lives of its many users; efforts to change how it …

The next session at the Social Media & Society conference in Glasgow starts with Areyana Proctor, whose focus is on racialised misogyny in the digital Manosphere: misogynoir. This is also a branding and monetisation strategy in digital content creation which is deliberately embraced by some influencers in the Manosphere.

Platform moderation is a specific risk faced by content creators, and misogyny towards women of colour is seen as a lower-risk approach, and an engagement tactic. Areyana explored this through a content analysis of some of this content, focussing on the YouTube channels of content creators with various racial identities. She …

And the final speakers in this session at the Social Media & Society conference in Glasgow are Monica Vania Chavez, Anna Feigenbaum, and Rinlapas Ketverapong, whose focus is on divine feminine energy content on TikTok. This encourages women to ‘step into their feminine energy’ but ultimately returns to highly traditionalist gender roles. This sits oddly next to ‘trad wife’ ideas: trad wives romanticise the past and draw on Christian roots, while divine femininity is rooted in alternative spirituality.

This project explores this for TikTok, but creating a new account and searching for divine femininity content, selecting a total of 24 …

The next speakers in this session at the Social Media & Society conference in Glasgow are Ella Duncan and Avery Fraser, whose focus is on true crime content’s gendered constructions of mothers who kill. Media representations of violence against women tend to reproduce gender inequalities, and this remains true for digital forms of such content.

True crime podcasting is a genre dominated by women, who present themselves as feminists, yet it remains riddled with misogynist tropes and stereotypes; this applies especially also to the women who committed homicides who may be covered in such podcasts. This project addresses three such …

And the final speaker in this session at the Social Media & Society conference in Glasgow is Gordon Dimitrieff, whose focus is on platform non-market strategies as a form of power projection, with a particular interest in the music industry.

Platform regulation is now having a moment, with various regulatory approaches around the world, and platform providers increasingly have their own internal departments to deal with such regulatory interventions; Gordon’s focus here is on how streaming platforms have responded to Canadian regulatory developments.

Platforms do not exist in a vacuum, of course, but are companies operating within a market, which …

The morning session of Day Two at the Social Media & Society conference in Glasgow starts for me with a presentation by Gil Sharon, on the MAGA movement’s presence on TikTok. The 2024 US election was the first election where TikTok played a significant role, and Donald Trump’s MAGA movement used the platform extensively for its campaigning.

Charlie Kirk was one of the most significant MAGA figures on TikTok, and believed that there was something about the platform that particularly managed to reach potential Trump supporters. This also involved a substantial collaborative effort; it engaged not only in top-down messaging …

And the final speaker in this session at the 2026 International Communication Association conference in Cape Town is Hannah Fecher, with a paper on the impact of the algorithmic environments of short-video platforms on political communication. Political actors have begun to adapt their content to these platform cultures (or to how they understand them) in order to reach constituents.

But content distribution is highly personalised and optimised to platform engagement, and some video characteristic are associated with higher vitality. Users also report a mismatch between viral tendencies and their own content preferences, however, especially also with respect to political content …

The next presenter in this session at the 2026 International Communication Association conference in Cape Town is Siyu Zhang, whose focus is on political livestreaming. Such livestreams typically consist of the live video itself, alongside a live chat feed; some platforms also provide ‘super chat’ message functionalities which receive greater visibility and may also be picked up by the influencer themselves during the livestream.

Influencers themselves may signal their political identity through visible paraphernalia, express identity through their background settings, show relevant recent chat messages, and call for donations. Such monetary participation by audiences captures a behaviour that other metrics …

And the final speaker in this session at the 2026 International Communication Association conference in Cape Town is Felicia Loecherbach, whose interest is in video-based data donation, in the specific context of TikTok. Data donation is now a growing trend in digital media studies, of course, and many workable approaches to this have been developed, but to work with this approach remains difficult in practice.

TikTok is a key target for this – both because of its current importance with certain user demographics, the limitations of its API, and the fact that API-based observations do not accurately represent the experience …