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My final session for today at the AANZCA 2025 conference is a panel on mis- and disinformation in the 2025 Australian federal election, and starts with Kieran McGuinness, whose focus is on a survey of Australian adults during May and June 2025, conducted on behalf of the project by YouGov.

Respondents were asked about their access to and understanding of news during the election, Mainstream news, face-to-face discussions, political ads, and social media were the most prominent sources. Amongst social media users, mainstream news brands, politicians and parties, ordinary people, individual journalists, and alternative voices on YouTube were most prominent …

The final speaker in this session at the AANZCA 2025 conference is Derek Wilding, with a reflection on the European Union’s Digital Services Act and its attempts to regulate disinformation. Through the DSA, the EU has moved from a regime of platform self-regulation to co-regulation: this might be understood as a form of enforceable self-regulation, since it does not depend solely on industry players.

It contrasts with the Australian environment, where self-regulation by the members of the DIGI industry association remains the current model after the co-regulation model of the Combatting Misinformation and Disinformation Bill failed to make it through …

The second speakers in this session at the AANZCA 2025 conference are Luke Heemsbergen and Fan Yang, whose focus is on disinformation as a vibe: there is increasing evidence that regulating and combatting disinformation by addressing their factuality is ineffective, since its central effect is to spread a general sense of distrust in government and other authoritative actors, and since disinformation spreaders tend to continue to share such content even in full knowledge that it is incorrect.

Australia still needs more critical disinformation research: this study in particular focusses on Chinese-speaking Australians who encountered disinformation on platforms such as WeChat …

The post-lunch session at the AANZCA 2025 conference is on mis- and disinformation, and starts with Tauel Harper, whose focus is especially on the role of public service media in combatting such problematic information. Disinformation is a serious threat to democracy in Australia and elsewhere, of course; its impact on the public sphere is deeply concerning, especially since the role of the public sphere is to regulate claims to truth.

The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the relationship between trust in government and the efficacy of policy; this also points to the importance of meaning-making spaces to the …

And the second keynote at the AANZCA 2025 conference is by the great Crystal Abidin. She begins by introducing herself as an anthropologist of Internet cultures, building especially also on standpoint theory and triangulation as a methodological framework. Her work has focussed especially on longitudinal ethnographies of Internet celebrity and social media pop cultures; she is best known, of course, for her work on influencer ecologies and economies.

This addresses communities and culture, functions and sociality, and structures and politics; over its several iterations, this work has examined influencers as a job description and culture of practice, as a concept …

The final speakers in this session at the AANZCA 2025 conference are Venessa Paech and Jennifer Beckett, whose focus is on the re-decentralisation of online community governance in the wake of recent changes to online environments. Many creators and community managers are now starting ‘cozy’ communities online, away from the major platforms; this project seeks to understand how and why they are doing this.

To do this, we must first understand digital sociality: investigating how we socialise in online spaces, and what it means to be a genuine online community. Platforms, follower bases, and audiences are not communities by default …

The second speaker in this session at the AANZCA 2025 conference is Ziying Meng, whose focus is on self-governance in creator cultures in western and Chinese contexts. There still are considerable differences between the US-dominated western and Chinese platform ecologies, in spite of the rise of TikTok as a global platform; this represents a kind of parallel universe of platforms, with differing governance frameworks.

Chinese platforms are governed by Chinese state policies, while US-based platforms operate under western capitalist conditions; nonetheless there is also a global creator culture, which must arrange itself with these parallel ecologies. Ziying engaged in cross-platform …

The second day at the AANZCA 2025 conference starts with a paper session on platform governance, and the first speaker is Brooke Ann Coco. Digital technologies increasingly mediate our lives, and digital platforms tend to centralise power – how might this be reversed to put power back into the hands of communities through Knowledge Organisation Infrastructure (KOI)? Brooke’s focus here is on the Metagov community, which is pursuing these goals.

Metagov faces a knowledge management challenge: it is working across several collaborative platforms, which fragments communication and information management. There may be a role for AI systems here: AI tools …

The final speaker in this session at the AANZCA 2025 conference is Merja Myllylahti, whose interest is in changes to how ongoing changes to search engines well beyond AI are changing Web traffic to news outlets. This takes a broader view of audience behaviours in relation to search, and of structural conditions in the search marketplace.

There have been significant concerns about a decline in traffic to news sites; however, the evidence for this decline remains limited at present. Comparing 2018 and 2025 traffic patterns for New Zealand, for instance, traffic from search seems fairly stable; it is the traffic …

My QUT colleague Kateryna Kasianenko is the next speaker in this session at the AANZCA 2025 conference, focussing on how search engines respond to searches about conspiracy theories. Search engines are a common pathway towards conspiracist information; they have the potential to affect their users’ understanding of such information. What people see when they search for such content also depends directly on how the query itself is formulated, so query variations also need to be studied systematically. Our Australian Search Experience 2.0 project within the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society explores the impact of such query …