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Books

Axel Bruns. Are Filter Bubbles Real? Cambridge: Polity, 2019.

Aljosha Karim Schapals, Axel Bruns, and Brian McNair, eds. Digitizing Democracy. New York: Routledge, 2019.

Axel Bruns. Gatewatching and News Curation: Journalism, Social Media, and the Public Sphere. New York: Peter Lang, 2018.

Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen, eds. The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics. New York: Routledge, 2016.

Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann, eds. Twitter and Society. New York: Peter Lang, 2014.

John Hartley, Jean Burgess, and Axel Bruns, eds. A Companion to New Media Dynamics. London: Blackwell, 2013.

Axel Bruns. Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life and Beyond: From Production to Produsage. New York: Peter Lang, 2008.

Axel Bruns and Joanne Jacobs, eds. Uses of Blogs. New York: Peter Lang, 2006.

Axel Bruns. Gatewatching: Collaborative Online News Production. New York: Peter Lang, 2005.

Book Chapters, Journal Articles and Conference Papers

Journalism and Citizen Journalism

Axel Bruns. “From ‘the’ Public Sphere to a Network of Publics: Towards an Empirically Founded Model of Contemporary Public Communication Spaces.Communication Theory, June 2023. DOI: 10.1093/ct/qtad007.

Sofya Glazunova, Axel Bruns, Edward Hurcombe, Sílvia X. Montaña-Niño, Souleymane Coulibaly, and Abdul K. Obeid. “Soft Power, Sharp Power? Exploring RT’s Dual Role in Russia’s Diplomatic Toolkit.Information, Communication & Society, 21 Dec. 2022. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2022.2155485.

Alice Fleerackers, Michelle Riedlinger, Axel Bruns, and Jean Burgess. “Academic Explanatory Journalism and Emerging COVID-19 Science: How Social Media Accounts Amplify The Conversation’s Preprint Coverage.Media International Australia, 19 Dec. 2022. DOI: 10.1177/1329878X221145022.

Aljosha Karim Schapals and Axel Bruns. “Responding to ‘Fake News’: Journalistic Perceptions of and Reactions to a Delegitimising Force.Media and Communication 10.3 (2022). DOI: 10.17645/mac.v10i3.5401.

Axel Bruns, Daniel Angus, Edward Hurcombe, Stephen Harrington, and Jane Tan. “The Dissemination of Problematic News on Facebook: A Large-Scale, Longitudinal Study.SocArXiv, 26 June 2022. DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/hsd38.

Axel Bruns. “Gatewatching and News Curation.” In James Morrison, Jen Birks, and Mike Berry, eds., The Routledge Companion to Political Journalism. London: Routledge, 2021. 252-261. DOI: 10.4324/9780429284571-23.

Axel Bruns, Edward Hurcombe, and Stephen Harrington. "Coronavirus Conspiracy Theories: Tracing Misinformation Trajectories from the Fringes to the Mainstream." In Communicating COVID-19: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, eds. Monique Lewis, Eliza Govender, and Kate Holland. London: Palgrave, 2021. 229-249. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-79735-5_12.

Axel Bruns, Edward Hurcombe, and Stephen Harrington. "Covering Conspiracy: Approaches to Reporting the COVID/5G Conspiracy Theory." Digital Journalism (2021). DOI: 10.1080/21670811.2021.1968921.

Mathias Felipe de Lima Santos, Aljosha Karim Schapals, and Axel Bruns. "Out-of-the-Box versus In-House Tools: How Are They Affecting Data Journalism in Australia?" Media International Australia (2020). DOI: 10.1177/1329878X20961569.

Jean Burgess, Axel Bruns, and Kim Osman. "Analysing Scholarly Contributions to Public Debate with Social Media Issue Mapping: A Case Study of the Australia Day Controversy." Communication Research and Practice 5.4 (2019): 393-407. DOI:10.1080/22041451.2019.1689688.

Axel Bruns and Christian Nuernbergk. "Political Journalists and Their Social Media Audiences: New Power Relations." Media and Communication 7.1 (2019): 198-212. DOI:10.17645/mac.v7i1.1759.

Jing Zeng, Jean Burgess, and Axel Bruns. "Is Citizen Journalism Better than Professional Journalism for Fact-Checking Rumours in China? How Weibo Users Verified Information Following the 2015 Tianjin Blasts." Global Media and China 4.1 (2019): 13-35. DOI:10.1177/2059436419834124.

Axel Bruns, Christian Nuernbergk, and Aljosha Karim Schapals. "What Journalists Share: A Comparative Study of the National Press Corps in Australia and Germany." In Anatoliy Gruzd et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Social Media and Society. Copenhagen: ACM Press, 2018. 256–260. DOI:10.1145/3217804.3217924.

Axel Bruns. “Das Modell The Conversation: ‚Academic Rigour, Journalistic Flair‘.” In Peter Weingart, Holger Wormer, Andreas Wenninger, and Reinhard F. Hüttl, eds., Perspektiven der Wissenschaftskommunikation im digitalen Zeitalter. Weilerswist-Metternich: Velbrück, 2017. 78-79.

Axel Bruns. “Making Audience Engagement Visible: Publics for Journalism on Social Media Platforms.” In Bob Franklin and Scott A. Eldridge II, eds., The Routledge Companion to Digital Journalism Studies. London: Routledge, 2017. 325-334.

Axel Bruns. “Big Data Analysis.” In Tamara Witschge, Chris W. Anderson, David Domingo, and Alfred Hermida, eds., The Sage Handbook of Digital Journalism. London: Sage, 2016. 509-527.

Axel Bruns. “‘Random Acts of Journalism’ Redux: News and Social Media.” In Jakob Linaa Jensen, Mette Mortensen, and Jacob Ørmen, eds., News Across Media: Production, Distribution and Consumption. London: Routledge, 2016. 32-47.

Folker Hanusch and Axel Bruns. “Journalistic Branding on Twitter: A Representative Study of Australian Journalists’ Profile Descriptions.Digital Journalism 5.1 (2017): 26-43.

Eli Skogerbø, Axel Bruns, Andrew Quodling, and Thomas Ingebretsen. “Agenda-Setting Revisited: Social Media and Sourcing in Mainstream Journalism.The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics, eds. Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen. New York: Routledge, 2016. 104-120.

Axel Bruns. “Working the Story: Social Media as a Second Wave of Citizen Journalism.” In Chris Atton, ed., The Routledge Companion to Alternative and Community Media. London: Routledge, 2015. 379-388.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “From News Blogs to News on Twitter: Gatewatching and Collaborative News Curation.” In Stephen Coleman and Deen Freelon, eds., Handbook of Digital Politics. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2015. 325-339.

Axel Bruns. “Social Media and Journalism during Times of Crisis.” In Jeremy Hunsinger and Theresa Senft, eds., The Social Media Handbook. New York: Routledge, 2014.

Axel Bruns, Tim Highfield, and Stephen Harrington. “Sharing the News: Dissemination of Links to Australian News Sites on Twitter.” In Janey Gordon, Paul Rowinski, and Gavin Stewart, eds., Br(e)aking the News: Journalism, Politics and New Media. New York: Peter Lang, 2013. 181-210.

Axel Bruns. “A Chance for Diversity? Australian Online Journalism.” In Eugenia Siapera and Andreas Veglis, eds., The Handbook of Global Online Journalism. London: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. 412-428.

Axel Bruns. “Journalists and Twitter: How Australian News Organisations Adapt to a New Medium.Media International Australia 144 (2012): 97-107.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “Blogs, Twitter, and Breaking News: The Produsage of Citizen Journalism.” In Rebecca Ann Lind, ed., Produsing Theory in a Digital World: The Intersection of Audiences and Production. New York: Peter Lang, 2012. 15-32.

Tim Highfield and Axel Bruns. “Confrontation and Cooptation: A Brief History of Australian Political Blogs.Media International Australia 143 (2012): 89-98.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Researching News Discussion on Twitter: New Methodologies.Journalism Studies 13.5-6 (2012): 801-14. DOI: 10.1080/1461670X.2012.664428.

Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. “(Not) the Twitter Election: The Dynamics of the #ausvotes Conversation in Relation to the Australian Media Ecology.Journalism Practice 6.3 (2012): 384-402. DOI: 10.1080/17512786.2012.663610.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “#ausvotes: How Twitter Covered the 2010 Australian Federal Election.Communication, Politics & Culture 44.2 (2011): 37-56.

Axel Bruns. “Gatekeeping, Gatewatching, Real-Time Feedback: New Challenges for Journalism.” Keynote presented at the SBPJor conference, Rio de Janeiro, 4 Nov. 2011. Also published in Brazilian Journalism Research 7.2 (2011). (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “New Methodologies for Researching News Discussion on Twitter.” Paper presented at the Future of Journalism conference, Cardiff, 8-9 Sep. 2011. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "From Reader to Writer: Citizen Journalism as News Produsage." In International Handbook of Internet Research, eds. Jeremy Hunsinger, Lisbeth Klastrup, and Matthew Allen. Dordrecht, NL: Springer, 2010. 119-134.

Axel Bruns. "The Blogification of Australian Journalism? Notes from the Election." Plenary paper presented at the Journalism Education Association conference, Sydney, 26 Nov. 2010. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Citizen Journalism and Everyday Life: A Case Study of Germany's myHeimat.de." In Journalists, Sources, and Credibility: New Perspectives, eds. Bob Franklin and Matt Carlson. London: Routledge, 2010.

Axel Bruns. "News Produsage in a Pro-Am Mediasphere: Why Citizen Journalism Matters." In News Online: Transformations and Continuities, eds. Graham Meikle and Guy Redden. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

Axel Bruns. "Citizen Journalism and Everyday Life: A Case Study of Germany's myHeimat.de." Paper presented at Future of Journalism, Cardiff, 9-10 Sep. 2009. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, and Barry Saunders. "Citizen Journalism as Social Networking: Reporting the 2007 Australian Federal Election." In Citizen Journalism: Global Perspectives, eds. Stuart Allan & Einar Thorsen. New York: Peter Lang, 2009.

Axel Bruns. "News Blogs and Citizen Journalism." e-Journalism: New Directions in Electronic News Media. Ed. Kiran Prasad. New Delhi: BR Publishing, 2009.

Axel Bruns. "Vom Gatekeeping zum Gatewatching: Modelle der journalistischen Vermittlung im Internet." In Journalismus im Internet: Profession - Partizipation - Technisierung. Eds. Christoph Neuberger, Christian Nuernbergk, and Melanie Rischke. Wiesbaden: VS-Verlag, 2009.

Lars Kirchhoff, Thomas Nicolai, Axel Bruns, and Tim Highfield. " Monitoring the Australian Blogosphere through the 2007 Australian Federal Election." Proceedings of ANZCA 2009, Brisbane, 8 July 2009. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Lars Kirchhoff, and Thomas Nicolai. "Mapping the Australian Political Blogosphere." Poster presented at WebSci '09, Athens, 19 Mar. 2009. (Poster PDF poster, ~5MB)

Jason Wilson, Barry Saunders, and Axel Bruns. "'Preditors': Making Citizen Journalism Work." In Notions of Community: A Collection of Community Media Debates and Dilemmas, ed. Janey Gordon. New York: Peter Lang, 2009. 245-270.

Axel Bruns and Debra Adams. "Mapping the Australian Political Blogosphere." In International Blogging: Identity, Politics, and Networked Publics, eds. Adrienne Russell and Nabil Echchaibi. New York: Peter Lang, 2009. 85-109.

Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, and Barry Saunders. "Building Spaces for Hyperlocal Citizen Journalism." Paper presented at the AoIR 2008 conference, Copenhagen, 18 Oct. 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, Barry Saunders, Lars Kirchhoff, and Thomas Nicolai. " Australia's Political Blogosphere in the Aftermath of 2007 Federal Election." Paper presented at the AoIR 2008 conference, Copenhagen, 18 Oct. 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, Barry Saunders, Tim Highfield, Lars Kirchhoff, and Thomas Nicolai. "Locating the Australian Blogosphere: Towards a New Research Methodology." Paper presented at the ISEA 2008 conference, Singapore, 25 July - 3 August 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "The Active Audience: Transforming Journalism from Gatekeeping to Gatewatching." In Making Online News: The Ethnography of New Media Production. Eds. Chris Paterson and David Domingo. New York: Peter Lang, 2008.

Jason Wilson, Axel Bruns, and Barry Saunders. "If the Cap Fits…: Hyperlocal Citizen Media and the Future of Representative Democracy." Paper presented at Politics: Web 2.0 conference, London, 17-18 Apr. 2008.

Axel Bruns. "Life beyond the Public Sphere: Towards a Networked Model for Political Deliberation." Information Polity 13.1-2 (2008): 65-79.

Axel Bruns. "Citizen Journalism in the 2007 Australian Federal Election." Paper presented at the AMIC 2008 conference: "Convergence, Citizen Journalism, and Social Change", Brisbane, 26-28 Mar. 2008. Also published in e-Journalist 8.1 (2008). (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Jason Wilson, Barry Saunders, and Axel Bruns. "'Preditors': Making Citizen Journalism Work." Paper presented at the AMIC 2008 conference: "Convergence, Citizen Journalism, and Social Change", Brisbane, 26-28 Mar. 2008.

Axel Bruns. "Gatewatching, Gatecrashing: Futures for Tactical News Media." Digital Media and Democracy: Tactics in Hard Times. Ed. Megan Boler. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT P, 2008.

Lars Kirchhoff, Axel Bruns, and Thomas Nicolai. "Investigating the Impact of the Blogosphere: Using PageRank to Determine the Distribution of Attention." Paper presented at the Association of Internet Researchers conference, Vancouver, 17-20 Oct. 2007. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Mark Deuze, Axel Bruns, and Christoph Neuberger. " Preparing for an Age of Participatory News." Journalism Practice 1.3 (2007). (PDF of the pre-print version; final article available here.)

Axel Bruns. "Methodologies for Mapping the Political Blogosphere: An Exploration Using the IssueCrawler Research Tool." First Monday 12.5 (May 2007).

Axel Bruns. "Wikinews: The Next Generation of Online News?" Scan Journal 3.1 (2006). Paper presented at the Association of Internet Researchers conference, Chicago, 8 Oct. 2005. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Ubiquitous Online News: Content Syndication and the Semantic Web." Paper presented at the Association of Internet Researchers conference, Brighton, 19-22 Sep. 2004.

Axel Bruns. "Stuff That Matters: The Rise and Rise of Open News." Paper presented at the ISEA2004 conference in Helsinki, 21 Aug. 2004.

Axel Bruns. "Reconfiguring Journalism: Syndication, Gatewatching, and Multiperspectival News in Australian Online Journalism." Virtual Nation: The Australian Internet Reader. Ed. Gerard Goggin. Sydney: UNSW P, 2004.

Axel Bruns. "Stuff That Matters: Slashdot and the Emergence of Open News." Paper presented at the Association of Internet Researchers conference in Toronto, 16-19 Oct. 2003.

Axel Bruns. "From Blogs to Open News: Notes towards a Taxonomy of P2P Publications." Paper presented at the ANZCA 2003 conference in Brisbane, 9-11 July 2003.

Axel Bruns. "Gatewatching, Not Gatekeeping: Collaborative Online News." Media International Australia 107 (May 2003).

Axel Bruns. "Community Building through Communal Publishing: The Emergence of Open News." Mediumi 2.1 (2003).

Social Media, Network Mapping and Visualisation

Axel Bruns. “From ‘the’ Public Sphere to a Network of Publics: Towards an Empirically Founded Model of Contemporary Public Communication Spaces.Communication Theory, June 2023. DOI: 10.1093/ct/qtad007.

Sofya Glazunova, Anna Ryzhova, Axel Bruns, Sílvia X. Montaña-Niño, Arista Beseler, and Ehsan Dehghan. "A Platform Policy Implementation Audit of Actions against Russia’s State-Controlled Media." Internet Policy Review 12.2 (2023). DOI: 10.14763/2023.2.1711.

Katharina Esau, Tariq Choucair, Samantha Vilkins, Sebastian Svegaard, Axel Bruns, Kate O'Connor, and Carly Lubicz. “Destructive Political Polarisation in the Context of Digital Communication – A Critical Literature Review and Conceptual Framework.” Paper presented at the International Communication Association conference, Toronto, 30 May 2023.

Axel Bruns. “Social Media Analytics: Boom and Bust?The Sage Handbook of the Digital Society, eds. William Housley, Adam Edwards, Roser Beneito-Montagut, and Richard Fitzgerald. London: Sage, 2023. 249–64. DOI: 10.4135/9781529783193.n15.

Sofya Glazunova, Axel Bruns, Edward Hurcombe, Sílvia X. Montaña-Niño, Souleymane Coulibaly, and Abdul K. Obeid. “Soft Power, Sharp Power? Exploring RT’s Dual Role in Russia’s Diplomatic Toolkit.Information, Communication & Society, 21 Dec. 2022. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2022.2155485.

Alice Fleerackers, Michelle Riedlinger, Axel Bruns, and Jean Burgess. “Academic Explanatory Journalism and Emerging COVID-19 Science: How Social Media Accounts Amplify The Conversation’s Preprint Coverage.Media International Australia, 19 Dec. 2022. DOI: 10.1177/1329878X221145022.

Axel Bruns. “How to Visually Analyse Networks Using Gephi.SAGE Research Methods: Doing Research Online, ed. Helene Snee. London: Sage, 2022. DOI: 10.4135/9781529609752.

Axel Bruns. “El Filtro Burbuja.Revista Latinoamericana de Economía y Sociedad Digital (July 2022). DOI: 10.53857/NDHQ9707.

Axel Bruns, Daniel Angus, Edward Hurcombe, Stephen Harrington, and Jane Tan. “The Dissemination of Problematic News on Facebook: A Large-Scale, Longitudinal Study.SocArXiv, 26 June 2022. DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/hsd38.

Axel Bruns and Ehsan Dehghan. “The Dynamics of Polarisation in Australian Social Media: The Case of Immigration Discourse.” In Dolors Palau-Sampio, Guillermo Lopez Garcia, Laura Iannelli, eds., Contemporary Politics, Communication, and the Impact on Democracy. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2022. 57-73. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8057-8.ch004.

Axel Bruns, Daniel Angus, and Timothy Graham. "Twitter Campaigning Strategies in Australian Federal Elections 2013–2019." Social Media + Society 7.4 (2021). DOI:10.1177/20563051211063462.

Axel Bruns. “Gatewatching and News Curation.” In James Morrison, Jen Birks, and Mike Berry, eds., The Routledge Companion to Political Journalism. London: Routledge, 2021. 252-261. DOI: 10.4324/9780429284571-23.

Axel Bruns, Edward Hurcombe, and Stephen Harrington. "Coronavirus Conspiracy Theories: Tracing Misinformation Trajectories from the Fringes to the Mainstream." In Communicating COVID-19: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, eds. Monique Lewis, Eliza Govender, and Kate Holland. London: Palgrave, 2021. 229-249. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-79735-5_12.

Axel Bruns. “Echo Chambers? Filter Bubbles? The Misleading Metaphors That Obscure the Real Problem.Hate Speech and Polarization in Participatory Society, eds. Marta Pérez-Escolar and José Manuel Noguera-Vivo. London: Routledge, 2022. 33-48. DOI: 10.4324/9781003109891-4.

Timothy Graham, Axel Bruns, Daniel Angus, Edward Hurcombe, and Sam Hames. “#IStandWithDan versus #DictatorDan: The Polarised Dynamics of Twitter Discussions about Victoria’s COVID-19 Restrictions.Media International Australia 179 (2021): 127-148. DOI:10.1177/1329878X20981780.

Magdalena Wischnewski, Axel Bruns, and Tobias Keller. “Shareworthiness and Motivated Reasoning in Hyper-Partisan News Sharing Behavior on Twitter.Digital Journalism, 6 Apr. 2021. DOI:10.1080/21670811.2021.1903960.

Felix Victor Münch, Ben Thies, Cornelius Puschmann, and Axel Bruns. “Walking through Twitter: Sampling a Language-Based Follow Network of Influential Twitter Accounts.” Social Media + Society 7.1, (2021) DOI:10.1177/2056305120984475.

Jean Burgess, and Axel Bruns. “Digital Methods in Africa and Beyond: A View from Down Under.African Journalism Studies 41.4 (2020): 16–21. DOI:10.1080/23743670.2020.1865648.

Ehsan Dehghan, Axel Bruns, Peta Mitchell, and Brenda Moon. “Discourse-Analytical Studies on Social Media Platforms: A Data-Driven Mixed-Methods Approach.Produsing Theory in a Digital World 3.0, ed. Rebecca Ann Lind. New York: Peter Lang, 2020. 159–77. DOI:10.3726/b13192/20.

Axel Bruns, Stephen Harrington, and Eddy Hurcombe. "‘Corona? 5G? Or Both?’: The Dynamics of COVID-19/5G Conspiracy Theories on Facebook." Media International Australia 177.1 (2020): 12-29. DOI:10.1177/1329878X20946113.

Timothy Graham, Axel Bruns, Guangnan Zhu, and Rod Campbell. Like a Virus: The Coordinated Spread of Coronavirus Disinformation. Report for the Australia Institute's Centre for Responsible Technology, May 2020.

Axel Bruns. “Filter Bubble.” Internet Policy Review 8.4 (2019). DOI:10.14763/2019.4.1426.

Jean Burgess, Axel Bruns, and Kim Osman. "Analysing Scholarly Contributions to Public Debate with Social Media Issue Mapping: A Case Study of the Australia Day Controversy." Communication Research and Practice 5.4 (2019): 393-407. DOI:10.1080/22041451.2019.1689688.

Axel Bruns. “After the ‘APIcalypse’: Social Media Platforms and Their Fight against Critical Scholarly Research.” Information, Communication & Society 22.11 (2019): 1544-1566. DOI:10.1080/1369118X.2019.1637447.

Axel Bruns and Brenda Moon. “One Day in the Life of a National Twittersphere.” Nordicom Review 40.s1 (2019): 11-30. DOI:10.2478/nor-2019-0011.

Axel Bruns and Christian Nuernbergk. "Political Journalists and Their Social Media Audiences: New Power Relations." Media and Communication 7.1 (2019): 198-212. DOI:10.17645/mac.v7i1.1759.

Jing Zeng, Jean Burgess, and Axel Bruns. "Is Citizen Journalism Better than Professional Journalism for Fact-Checking Rumours in China? How Weibo Users Verified Information Following the 2015 Tianjin Blasts." Global Media and China 4.1 (2019): 13-35. DOI:10.1177/2059436419834124.

Axel Bruns. "Digital Public Spheres in Australia." In Aljosha Karim Schapals, Axel Bruns, and Brian McNair (eds.), Digitizing Democracy. New York: Routledge, 2019. 133-146.

Portia Vann, Axel Bruns, and Stephen Harrington. "Transmedia Social Platforms: Livestreaming and Transmedia Sports." In Matthew Freeman and Renira Gambarato (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Transmedia Studies. New York: Routledge, 2019. 107-115.

Axel Bruns, Christian Nuernbergk, and Aljosha Karim Schapals. "What Journalists Share: A Comparative Study of the National Press Corps in Australia and Germany." In Anatoliy Gruzd et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Social Media and Society. Copenhagen: ACM Press, 2018. 256–260. DOI:10.1145/3217804.3217924.

Axel Bruns, Brenda Moon, Felix Victor Münch, Patrik Wikström, Stefan Stieglitz, Florian Brachten, and Björn Ross. "Detecting Twitter Bots That Share SoundCloud Tracks." In Anatoliy Gruzd et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Social Media and Society. Copenhagen: ACM Press, 2018. 251–255. DOI:10.1145/3217804.3217923

Björn Ross, Florian Brachten, Stefan Stieglitz, Patrik Wikström, Brenda Moon, Felix Münch, and Axel Bruns. “Social Bots in a Commercial Context – A Case Study on SoundCloud.” Paper presented at the Twenty-Sixth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS2018), Portsmouth, 23-28 June 2018.

Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. “Approaches and Methods for the Study of Social Media in Political Communication.” Aurora: Revista de Arte, Mídia e Política 10.30 (2018): 146–159.

Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. “Abordagens e Métodos para o Estudo das Mídias Sociais na Comunicação Política.” Aurora: Revista de Arte, Mídia e Política 10.30 (2018): 129–146.

Axel Bruns. “Big Social Data Approaches in Internet Studies: The Case of Twitter.” In Jeremy Hunsinger, Lisbeth Klastrup, Matthew M. Allen, eds., Second International Handbook of Internet Research. Dordrecht: Springer, 2018.

Axel Bruns and Brenda Moon. “Social Media in Australian Federal Elections: Comparing the 2013 and 2016 Campaigns.Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 95.2 (2018): 425-48. DOI: 10.1177/1077699018766505.

Axel Bruns and Gunn Enli. “The Norwegian Twittersphere: Structure and Dynamics.Nordicom Review 30 Jan. 2018. DOI: 10.2478/nor-2018-0006.

Axel Bruns, Brenda Moon, Felix Münch, and Troy Sadkowsky. “The Australian Twittersphere in 2016: Mapping the Follower/Followee Network.Social Media + Society 3.4 (2017): 1-15.

Axel Bruns. “Blog.” In Bryan S. Turner, ed., The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Theory. London: John Wiley, 2017.

Julia Schwanholz, Brenda Moon, Axel Bruns, and Felix Münch. “Much Ado About Nothing? The Use of Social Media in the New Digital Agenda Committee of the German Bundestag.” In Julia Schwanholz, Todd Graham, and Peter-Tobias Stoll, eds., Managing Democracy in the Digital Age: Internet Regulation, Social Media Use, and Online Civic Engagement. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 97–118.

Axel Bruns. “Echo Chamber? What Echo Chamber? Reviewing the Evidence.” Paper presented at the Future of Journalism conference, Cardiff, 15 Sep. 2017.

Axel Bruns and Folker Hanusch. “Conflict Imagery in a Connective Environment: Audiovisual Content on Twitter Following the 2015/2016 Terror Attacks in Paris and Brussels.Media, Culture & Society, 25 Aug. 2017. DOI: 10.1177/0163443717725574.

Darryl Woodford, Katie Prowd, and Axel Bruns. “Audiencing through Social Media.” In Craig Hight and Ramaswami Harindranath, eds., Studying Digital Media Audiences: Perspectives from Australasia. New York: Routledge, 2017. 76-97.

Axel Bruns. “Making Audience Engagement Visible: Publics for Journalism on Social Media Platforms.” In Bob Franklin and Scott A. Eldridge II, eds., The Routledge Companion to Digital Journalism Studies. London: Routledge, 2017. 325-334.

Axel Bruns. “‘Random Acts of Journalism’ Redux: News and Social Media.” In Jakob Linaa Jensen, Mette Mortensen, and Jacob Ørmen, eds., News Across Media: Production, Distribution and Consumption. London: Routledge, 2016. 32-47.

Axel Bruns. “Real-Time Applications (Twitter).” Encyclopaedia entry. In Heidrun Friese, Gala Rebane, Marcus Nolden, and Miriam Schreiter, eds., Handbuch Soziale Praktiken und Digitale Alltagswelten. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-08460-8_8-1.

Axel Bruns. “Tweeting to Save the Furniture: The 2013 Australian Election Campaign on Twitter.Media International Australia 162 (2017): 49-64. DOI: 10.1177/1329878X16669001.

Amisha M. Mehta, Axel Bruns, and Judith Newton. “Trust, But Verify: Social Media Models for Disaster Management.Disasters, 22 Sep. 2016. DOI: 10.1111/disa.12218.

Axel Bruns and Katrin Weller. “Twitter as a First Draft of the Present — and the Challenges of Preserving It for the Future.” In Wolfgang Nejdl, Wendy Hall, Paolo Parigi, Steffen Staab, eds., Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Web Science (WebSci '16). New York: ACM, 2016. 183-189. DOI: 10.1145/2908131.2908174.

Axel Bruns, Brenda Moon, Avijit Paul, and Felix Münch. “Towards a Typology of Hashtag Publics: A Large-Scale Comparative Study of User Engagement across Trending Topics.Communication Research and Practice 2.1 (2016): 20-46.

Folker Hanusch and Axel Bruns. “Journalistic Branding on Twitter: A Representative Study of Australian Journalists’ Profile Descriptions.Digital Journalism 5.1 (2017): 26-43.

Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen. “Introduction.The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics, eds. Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen. New York: Routledge, 2016. 1-3.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “Is Habermas on Twitter? Social Media and the Public Sphere.The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics, eds. Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen. New York: Routledge, 2016. 56-73.

Eli Skogerbø, Axel Bruns, Andrew Quodling, and Thomas Ingebretsen. “Agenda-Setting Revisited: Social Media and Sourcing in Mainstream Journalism.The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics, eds. Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen. New York: Routledge, 2016. 104-120.

Tim Highfield and Axel Bruns. “Compulsory Voting, Encouraged Tweeting? Australian Elections and Social Media.The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics, eds. Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen. New York: Routledge, 2016. 338-350.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Methodological Innovation in Precarious Spaces: The Case of Twitter.” In Digital Methods for Social Science: An Interdisciplinary Guide to Research Innovation, eds. Helene Snee, Christine Hine, Yvette Morey, Steven Roberts, and Hayley Watson. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.

Darryl Woodford, Ben Goldsmith, and Axel Bruns. “Social Media Audience Metrics as a New Form of TV Audience Measurement.” In Produsing Theory in a Digital World 2.0: The Intersection of Audiences and Production in Contemporary Theory, ed. Rebecca Ann Lind. New York: Peter Lang, 2015. 141-158.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Twitter Hashtags from Ad Hoc to Calculated Publics.” In Hashtag Publics: The Power and Politics of Discursive Networks, ed. Nathan Rambukkana. New York: Peter Lang, 2015. 13-28.

Theresa Sauter and Axel Bruns. “#auspol: The Hashtag as Community, Event, and Material Object for Engaging with Australian Politics.” In Hashtag Publics: The Power and Politics of Discursive Networks, ed. Nathan Rambukkana. New York: Peter Lang, 2015. 47-60.

Axel Bruns and Theresa Sauter. “Anatomie eines Trending Topics: Methodische Ansätze zur Visualisierung von Retweet-Ketten.” In Digitale Methoden in der Kommunikationswissenschaft, eds. Axel Maireder, Julian Ausserhofer, Christina Schumann, and Monika Taddicken. Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin, 2015.

Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. “Easy Data, Hard Data: The Politics and Pragmatics of Twitter Research after the Computational Turn.” In Ganaele Langlois, Joanna Redden, and Greg Elmer, eds., Compromised Data: From Social Media to Big Data. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015. 93-111.

Axel Bruns. “Making Sense of Society through Social Media.Social Media + Society 1.1 (2015). DOI: 10.1177/2056305115578679.

Portia Vann, Darryl Woodford, and Axel Bruns. “Social Media and Niche Sports: The Netball ANZ Championship and Commonwealth Games on Twitter.Media International Australia 155 (2015): 108-119.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “From News Blogs to News on Twitter: Gatewatching and Collaborative News Curation.” In Stephen Coleman and Deen Freelon, eds., Handbook of Digital Politics. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2015.

Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, and Tim Highfield. “A ‘Big Data’ Approach to Mapping the Australian Twittersphere.” In Paul Longley Arthur and Katherine Bode, eds., Advancing Digital Humanities: Research, Methods, Theories. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. 113-129.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “The Arab Spring on Twitter: Language Communities in #egypt and #libya.” In Saba Bebawi and Diana Bossio, eds., Social Media and the Politics of Reportage: The 'Arab Spring'. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. 33-55.

Stefan Stieglitz, Axel Bruns, and Nina Krüger. “Enterprise-Related Crisis Communication on Twitter.” In Oliver Thomas and Frank Teuteberg, eds., Proceedings der 12. Internationalen Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI 2015), Osnabrück, 4-6 Mar. 2015. Osnabrück: Universität Osnabrück, 2015. 917-932.

Axel Bruns. “Blogging.” In Bridget Griffen-Foley, ed., A Companion to the Australian Media. North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing, 2014. 67-68.

Axel Bruns and Stefan Stieglitz. “Twitter Data: What Do They Represent?it - Information Technology 56.5 (2014): 240-245.

Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. “Twitterarchive und die Herausforderungen von "Big Social Data" für die Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft.” In Ramón Reichert, ed., Big Data: Analysen zum digitalen Wandel von Wissen, Macht und Ökonomie. Bielefeld: Transcript, 2014. 191-202.

Theresa Sauter and Axel Bruns. “Tweeting the TV Event, Creating ‘Public Sphericules’: Ad Hoc Engagement with SBS’s Go Back to Where You Came From – Season Two.Media International Australia 152 (Aug. 2014): 5-15.

Axel Bruns and Katrin Weller. “Twitter Data Analytics – or: The Pleasures and Perils of Studying Twitter.ASLIB Journal of Information Management 66.3 (2014).

Axel Bruns, Tim Highfield, and Jean Burgess. “The Arab Spring and Its Social Media Audiences: English and Arabic Twitter Users and Their Networks.” In Martha McCaughey, ed., Cyberactivism on the Participatory Web. New York: Routledge, 2014. 86-116.

Axel Bruns. “Soziale Medien in Krisensituationen.” In Jürgen Brautmeier and Thomas Fuchs, eds., Programmbericht 2013: Fernsehen in Deutschland - Programmforschung und Programmdiskurs. Berlin: Vistas Verlag. 163-166.

Axel Bruns, Darryl Woodford, and Troy Sadkowsky. “Towards a Methodology for Examining Twitter Follower Accession.First Monday 19.4 (2014).

Stefan Stieglitz, Linh Dang-Xuan, Axel Bruns, and Christoph Neuberger. “Social Media Analytics: An Interdisciplinary Approach and Its Implications for Information Systems.Business & Information Systems Engineering 6.2 (2014): 89-96.

Stefan Stieglitz, Linh Dang-Xuan, Axel Bruns, and Christoph Neuberger. “Social Media Analytics: Ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz und seine Implikationen für die Wirtschaftsinformatik.Wirtschaftsinformatik 56.2 (2014): 101-109.

Axel Bruns. “Crisis Communication.” In Stuart Cunningham and Sue Turnbull, eds., The Media and Communications in Australia. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 2014. 351-355.

Axel Bruns. “Social Media and Journalism during Times of Crisis.” In Jeremy Hunsinger and Theresa Senft, eds., The Social Media Handbook. New York: Routledge, 2014.

Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann. “Twitter and Society: An Introduction.” In Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann, eds. Twitter and Society. New York: Peter Lang, 2014. xxix-xxxviii.

Axel Bruns and Hallvard Moe. “Structural Layers of Communication on Twitter.” In Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann, eds. Twitter and Society. New York: Peter Lang, 2014. 15-28.

Axel Bruns and Stefan Stieglitz. “Metrics for Understanding Communication on Twitter.” In Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann, eds. Twitter and Society. New York: Peter Lang, 2014. 69-82.

Axel Bruns, Katrin Weller, and Stephen Harrington. “Twitter and Sports: Football Fandom in Emerging and Established Markets.” In Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann, eds. Twitter and Society. New York: Peter Lang, 2014. 263-280.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Crisis Communication in Natural Disasters: The Queensland Floods and Christchurch Earthquakes.” In Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann, eds. Twitter and Society. New York: Peter Lang, 2014. 373-384.

Cornelius Puschmann, Axel Bruns, Merja Mahrt, Katrin Weller, and Jean Burgess. “Epilogue: Why Study Twitter?” In Katrin Weller, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Merja Mahrt, and Cornelius Puschmann, eds. Twitter and Society. New York: Peter Lang, 2014. 425-432.

Axel Bruns and Darryl Woodford. “Identifying the Events That Connect Social Media Users: Charting Follower Accession on Twitter.” In SAGE Research Methods Cases. London: Sage, 2013.

Axel Bruns. “Faster than the Speed of Print: Reconciling ‘Big Data’ Social Media Analysis and Academic Scholarship.First Monday 18.10 (2013). DOI: 10.5210/fm.v18i10.4879.

Axel Bruns, Tim Highfield, and Stephen Harrington. “Sharing the News: Dissemination of Links to Australian News Sites on Twitter.” In Janey Gordon, Paul Rowinski, and Gavin Stewart, eds., Br(e)aking the News: Journalism, Politics and New Media. New York: Peter Lang, 2013. 181-210.

Axel Bruns and Stefan Stieglitz. “Quantitative Approaches to Comparing Communication Patterns on Twitter.” In Klaus Bredl, Julia Hünniger, and Jakob Linaa Jensen, eds., Methods for Analyzing Social Media. 20-44.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Blogforschung: Der ‘Computational Turn’. In Peter Haber and Eva Pflanzelter, eds., Historyblogosphere: Bloggen in den Geisteswissenschaften. Munich: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag. 135-148.

Stephen Harrington, Tim Highfield and Axel Bruns. “More than a Backchannel: Twitter and Television.Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies 10.1 (2013): 405-409.

Axel Bruns, Tim Highfield, and Jean Burgess. “The Arab Spring and Social Media Audiences: English and Arabic Twitter Users and Their Networks.American Behavioral Scientist 57.7 (2013): 871-898. DOI: 10.1177/0002764213479374.

Frances Shaw, Jean Burgess, Kate Crawford, and Axel Bruns. “Sharing News, Making Sense, Saying Thanks: Patterns of Talk on Twitter during the Queensland Floods.Australian Journal of Communication 40.1 (2013): 23-39.

Terry Flew, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Kate Crawford, and Frances Shaw. “Social Media and Its Impact on Crisis Communication: Case Studies of Twitter Use in Emergency Management in Australia and New Zealand.” Paper presented at the ICA Regional Conference Communication and Social Transformation, Shanghai, China, 8-10 Nov. 2013.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “Political Networks on Twitter: Tweeting the Queensland State Election.Information, Communication & Society 16.5 (2013): 667-91. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2013.782328. Also published in Social Media and Election Campaigns: Key Tendencies and Ways Forward, eds. Gunn Enli and Hallvard Moe. London: Routledge, 2015.

Avijit Paul and Axel Bruns. “Usability of Small Crisis Data Sets in the Absence of Big Data.” In Ezendu Ariwa, Wenbing Zhao, and Meenakshi Gandhi (eds.), Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology. Beijing: Atlantis Press, 718-721.

Jean Burgess, Axel Bruns, and Larissa Hjorth. “Emerging Methods for Digital Media Research: An Introduction.Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 57.1 (Mar. 2013): 1-3. DOI: 10.1080/08838151.2012.761706.

Axel Bruns. “From Homepages to Network Profiles: Balancing Personal and Social Identity.” In John Hartley, Jean Burgess, and Axel Bruns, eds., A Companion to New Media Dynamics. London: Blackwell, 2013.

Axel Bruns and Stefan Stieglitz. “Towards More Systematic Twitter Analysis: Metrics for Tweeting Activities.International Journal of Social Research Methodology 16.2 (2013): 91-108. DOI: 10.1080/13645579.2012.756095.

Tim Highfield, Stephen Harrington, and Axel Bruns. “Twitter as a Technology for Audiencing and Fandom: The #Eurovision Phenomenon.Information, Communication & Society 16.3 (2013): 315-39. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2012.756053.

Axel Bruns and Stefan Stieglitz. “Quantitative Approaches to Comparing Communication Patterns on Twitter.Journal of Technology in Human Services 30.3-4 (2012): 160-185. DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2012.744249.

Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. “Twitter Archives and the Challenges of ‘Big Social Data’ for Media and Communication Research.M/C Journal 15.5 (2012).

Axel Bruns. “Journalists and Twitter: How Australian News Organisations Adapt to a New Medium.Media International Australia 144 (2012): 97-107.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “Blogs, Twitter, and Breaking News: The Produsage of Citizen Journalism.” In Rebecca Ann Lind, ed., Produsing Theory in a Digital World: The Intersection of Audiences and Production. New York: Peter Lang, 2012. 15-32.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. "Notes towards the Scientific Study of Public Communication on Twitter." In Alexander Tokar et al. (eds.), Science and the Internet. Düsseldorf: Düsseldorf University Press, 2012. 159-169. From a keynote presented at the Conference on Science and the Internet, Düsseldorf, 4 Aug. 2012. (Slides + Video presentation video, slides and audio)

Stephen Harrington, Tim Highfield and Axel Bruns. “More than a Backchannel: Twitter and Television.” In José Manuel Noguera, ed., Audience Interactivity and Participation. Brussels: COST Action Transforming Audiences, Transforming Societies, 2012. 13-17.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Doing Blog Research.” In James Arthur et al., eds., Research Methods & Methodologies in Education. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2012.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Local and Global Responses to Disaster: #eqnz and the Christchurch Earthquake.” Paper presented at the Australia New Zealand Disaster & Emergency Management Conference, Brisbane, 18 Apr. 2012. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns and Eugene Liang Yuxian. “Tools and Methods for Capturing Twitter Data during Natural Disasters.First Monday 17.4 (2012).

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Researching News Discussion on Twitter: New Methodologies.Journalism Studies 13.5-6 (2012): 801-14. DOI: 10.1080/1461670X.2012.664428.

Jean Burgess and Axel Bruns. “(Not) the Twitter Election: The Dynamics of the #ausvotes Conversation in Relation to the Australian Media Ecology.Journalism Practice 6.3 (2012): 384-402. DOI: 10.1080/17512786.2012.663610.

Axel Bruns. "How Long Is a Tweet? Mapping Dynamic Conversation Networks on Twitter Using Gawk and Gephi." Information, Communication & Society 15.9 (2012). 1323-1351.

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “#ausvotes: How Twitter Covered the 2010 Australian Federal Election.Communication, Politics & Culture 44.2 (2011): 37-56.

Axel Bruns. “Ad Hoc Innovation by Users of Social Networks: The Case of Twitter.Challenge Social Innovation conference, Vienna, 19-21 Sep. 2011. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio) Also published as ZSI Discussion Paper 16 (2012).

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “New Methodologies for Researching News Discussion on Twitter.” Paper presented at the Future of Journalism conference, Cardiff, 8-9 Sep. 2011. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “The Use of Twitter Hashtags in the Formation of Ad Hoc Publics.” Paper presented at the European Consortium for Political Research conference, Reykjavik, 25-27 Aug. 2011. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Tim Highfield, Lars Kirchhoff and Thomas Nicolai. "Mapping the Australian Networked Public Sphere." Social Science Computer Review 29.3 (2011): 277-287.

Lars Kirchhoff, Thomas Nicolai, Axel Bruns, and Tim Highfield. " Monitoring the Australian Blogosphere through the 2007 Australian Federal Election." Proceedings of ANZCA 2009, Brisbane, 8 July 2009. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Lars Kirchhoff, and Thomas Nicolai. "Mapping the Australian Political Blogosphere." Poster presented at WebSci '09, Athens, 19 Mar. 2009. (Poster PDF poster, ~5MB)

Axel Bruns and Debra Adams. "Mapping the Australian Political Blogosphere." In International Blogging: Identity, Politics, and Networked Publics, eds. Adrienne Russell and Nabil Echchaibi. New York: Peter Lang, 2009. 85-109.

Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, Barry Saunders, Lars Kirchhoff, and Thomas Nicolai. " Australia's Political Blogosphere in the Aftermath of 2007 Federal Election." Paper presented at the AoIR 2008 conference, Copenhagen, 18 Oct. 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, Barry Saunders, Tim Highfield, Lars Kirchhoff, and Thomas Nicolai. "Locating the Australian Blogosphere: Towards a New Research Methodology." Paper presented at the ISEA 2008 conference, Singapore, 25 July - 3 August 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Methodologies for Mapping the Political Blogosphere: An Exploration Using the IssueCrawler Research Tool." First Monday 12.5 (May 2007).

Government and Democracy

Sofya Glazunova, Anna Ryzhova, Axel Bruns, Sílvia X. Montaña-Niño, Arista Beseler, and Ehsan Dehghan. "A Platform Policy Implementation Audit of Actions against Russia’s State-Controlled Media." Internet Policy Review 12.2 (2023). DOI: 10.14763/2023.2.1711.

Axel Bruns, Daniel Angus, and Timothy Graham. "Twitter Campaigning Strategies in Australian Federal Elections 2013–2019." Social Media + Society 7.4 (2021). DOI:10.1177/20563051211063462.

Axel Bruns and Brenda Moon. “Social Media in Australian Federal Elections: Comparing the 2013 and 2016 Campaigns.Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 95.2 (2018): 425-48. DOI: 10.1177/1077699018766505.

Julia Schwanholz, Brenda Moon, Axel Bruns, and Felix Münch. “Much Ado About Nothing? The Use of Social Media in the New Digital Agenda Committee of the German Bundestag.” In Julia Schwanholz, Todd Graham, and Peter-Tobias Stoll, eds., Managing Democracy in the Digital Age: Internet Regulation, Social Media Use, and Online Civic Engagement. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 97–118.

Axel Bruns. “Tweeting to Save the Furniture: The 2013 Australian Election Campaign on Twitter.Media International Australia 162 (2017): 49-64. DOI: 10.1177/1329878X16669001.

Tim Highfield and Axel Bruns. “Compulsory Voting, Encouraged Tweeting? Australian Elections and Social Media.The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics, eds. Axel Bruns, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbø, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen. New York: Routledge, 2016. 338-350.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. "May the Best Tweeter Win: The Twitter Strategies of Key Campaign Accounts in the 2012 US Election." In Die US-Präsidentschaftswahl 2012: Analysen der Politik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, eds. Christoph Bieber and Klaus Kamps. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien, 2016. 425-42.

Axel Bruns. “WikiLeaks: The Napster of Secrets?International Journal of Communication 8 (2014): 2646-2651. Also published in WikiLeaks: From Popular Culture to Political Economy, ed. Christian Christensen. USC Annenberg Press, 2014.

Axel Bruns. “Towards Distributed Citizen Participation: Lessons from WikiLeaks and the Queensland Floods.JeDEM: e-Journal of e-Democracy and Open Government 4.2 (2012): 142-159.

Axel Bruns. “Towards Distributed Citizen Participation: Lessons from WikiLeaks and the Queensland Floods.” In Peter Parycek, Manuel J. Kripp, and Noella Edelmann, eds., CeDEM11: Proceedings of the International Conference for E-Democracy and Open Government, Krems, Austria, 5-6 May 2011. Krems: Edition Donau-Universität Krems, 2011. 35-52. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns and Adam Swift. "g4c2c: Enabling Citizen Engagement at Arms' Length from Government." EDEM 2010: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on E-Democracy, Krems, Austria, 6-7 May 2010, eds. Peter Parycek and Alexander Prosser. Krems, Austria: Österreichische Computer Gesellschaft, 2010. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns and Jason Wilson. "Citizen Consultation from Above and Below: The Australian Perspective." In Politics, Democracy and E-Government: Participation and Service Delivery, ed. Christopher Reddick. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2010. 332-346.

Axel Bruns. "Produtzung: Von medialer zu politischer Partizipation." In Soziale Netze in der digitalen Welt: Das Internet zwischen egalitärer Teilhabe und ökonomischer Macht, eds. Christoph Bieber, Martin Eifert, Thomas Groß, and Jörn Lamla. Frankfurt: Campus, 2009.

Axel Bruns and Jason Wilson. "Citizen Consultation from Above and Below: The Australian Perspective." Paper presented at EDEM 2009, Vienna, 7-8 Sep. 2009. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Life beyond the Public Sphere: Towards a Networked Model for Political Deliberation." Information Polity 13.1-2 (2008): 65-79.

Axel Bruns. "Produsage, Generation C, and Their Effects on the Democratic Process." Paper presented at the MiT 5 (Media in Transition) conference, MIT, Boston, 27-29 April 2007.

Produsers and Produsage

Axel Bruns. “Peer-to-Peer Interaction”, “Prosumption, Produsage”, and “User-Generated Content”. Encyclopaedia entries. In Klaus Bruhn Jensen, Robert T. Craig, Jefferson D. Pooley, and Eric W. Rothenbuhler, The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy. London: Wiley, 2016.

Axel Bruns. “Beyond the Producer/Consumer Divide: Key Principles of Produsage and Opportunities for Innovation.” In Michael A. Peters, Tina Besley, and Daniel Araya, eds., The New Development Paradigm: Education, Knowledge Economy and Digital Futures. New York: Peter Lang, 2014.

Axel Bruns. “Media Innovations, User Innovations, Societal Innovations.Journal of Media Innovations 1.1 (2014): 13-27.

Axel Bruns. “From Prosumption to Produsage.” In Ruth Towse and Christian Handke, eds., Handbook on the Digital Creative Economy. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2013. 67-78.

Axel Bruns. “Exploring the Pro-Am Interface between Production and Produsage.” In Francis L.F. Lee, Louis Leung, Jack Linchuan Qiu, and Donna S.C. Chu, eds., Frontiers in New Media Research. New York: Routledge, 2013. 241-258.

Axel Bruns and Tim Highfield. “Blogs, Twitter, and Breaking News: The Produsage of Citizen Journalism.” In Rebecca Ann Lind, ed., Produsing Theory in a Digital World: The Intersection of Audiences and Production. New York: Peter Lang, 2012. 15-32.

Axel Bruns. “Reconciling Community and Commerce? Collaboration between Produsage Communities and Commercial Operators.Information, Communication & Society 15.6 (2012): 815-835. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2012.680482.

Axel Bruns and Jan-Hinrik Schmidt. “Produsage: A Closer Look at Continuing Developments.New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia 17.1 (2012): 3-8. DOI: 10.1080/13614568.2011.563626.

Axel Bruns. “Beyond Difference: Reconfiguring Education for the User-Led Age.” In Ray Land and Siân Bayne, eds., Digital Difference: Perspectives on Online Learning. Rotterdam: Sense, 2011.

Axel Bruns. “Ad Hoc Innovation by Users of Social Networks: The Case of Twitter.Challenge Social Innovation conference, Vienna, 19-21 Sep. 2011. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio) Also published as ZSI Discussion Paper 16 (2012).

Axel Bruns. “Towards Distributed Citizen Participation: Lessons from WikiLeaks and the Queensland Floods.” In Peter Parycek, Manuel J. Kripp, and Noella Edelmann, eds., CeDEM11: Proceedings of the International Conference for E-Democracy and Open Government, Krems, Austria, 5-6 May 2011. Krems: Edition Donau-Universität Krems, 2011. 35-52. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns and Sal Humphreys. "Research Adventures in Web 2.0: Encouraging Collaborative Local Content Creation through edgeX." Media International Australia 136 (Aug. 2010): 42-59.

Axel Bruns. "Exploring the Pro-Am Interface between Production and Produsage." Paper presented at The Internet Turning 40: The Never-Ending Novelty of New Media Research? conference, Hong Kong, 17-19 June 2010. (Slides + Audio presentation slides)

Axel Bruns. "Distributed Creativity: Filesharing and Produsage." In Mashup Cultures, ed. Stefan Sonvilla-Weiss. Vienna: Springer, 2010. 24-37.

Axel Bruns. "Vom Prosumenten zum Produtzer." In Prosumer Revisited: Zur Aktualität einer Debatte, eds. Birgit Blättel-Mink and Kai-Uwe Hellmann. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2010. (Slides + Audio presentation slides)

Axel Bruns. "Produtzung: Von medialer zu politischer Partizipation." In Soziale Netze in der digitalen Welt: Das Internet zwischen egalitärer Teilhabe und ökonomischer Macht, eds. Christoph Bieber, Martin Eifert, Thomas Groß, and Jörn Lamla. Frankfurt: Campus, 2009.

Axel Bruns. "'Anyone Can Edit': Vom Nutzer zum Produtzer." kommunikation@gesellschaft 10 (2009).

Axel Bruns. "The User-Led Disruption: Self-(Re)broadcasting at Justin.tv and Elsewhere." Paper presented at EuroITV, Leuven, Belgium, 4 June 2009. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Disruption 2.0: Broadcast vs. Social Media." Paper presented at the Australasian Media & Broadcasting Congress, Sydney, 25-26 Nov. 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Sal Humphreys and Axel Bruns. "Collaborative Local Content Creation through edgeX: An Evaluation." Paper presented at the AoIR 2008 conference, Copenhagen, 17 Oct. 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Reconfiguring Television for a Networked, Produsage Context." Media International Australia 126 (2008): 82-94.

Axel Bruns. "Beyond Public Service Broadcasting: Produsage at the ABC." Invited presentation at the ABC Digital Media Forum, Sydney, 29 Feb. 2008.

Axel Bruns and Sal Humphreys. "Playing on the Edge: Facilitating the Emergence of a Local Digital Grassroots." Paper presented at the Association of Internet Researchers conference, Vancouver, 17-20 Oct. 2007. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "The Future Is User-Led: The Path towards Widespread Produsage." In Proceedings of PerthDAC 2007 (Perth, Western Australia, 15-18 Sep. 2007). Ed. Andrew Hutchinson. Perth: Curtin University of Technology, 2007. 68-77. Also published in Fibreculture Journal 11 (2008). (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Produsage: Towards a Broader Framework for User-Led Content Creation." In Proceedings: Creativity & Cognition 2007: Seeding Creativity: Tools, Media, and Environments (Washington, DC, 13-15 June 2007). Eds. Gerhard Fischer, Elisa Giaccardi, Mike Eisenberg, and Linda Candy. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2007. 99-106. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Produsage, Generation C, and Their Effects on the Democratic Process." Paper presented at the MiT 5 (Media in Transition) conference, MIT, Boston, 27-29 April 2007.

Axel Bruns. "Beyond Difference: Reconfiguring Education for the User-Led Age." Paper presented at the ICE 3 (Ideas, Cyberspace, Education) conference at Ross Priory, Loch Lomond, Scotland, 21-23 March 2007. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Towards Produsage: Futures for User-Led Content Production." In Proceedings: Cultural Attitudes towards Communication and Technology 2006 (Tartu, Estonia, 28 June - 1 July 2006). Eds. Fay Sudweeks, Herbert Hrachovec, and Charles Ess. Perth: Murdoch University, 2006. 275-84.

Axel Bruns. "Some Exploratory Notes on Produsers and Produsage." Research residency paper for the Institute for Distributed Creativity, New York. 2 Nov. 2005. Also posted at the iDC site.

Information & Communication Technology

Abdul K. Obeid, Peter Bruza, Catarina Moreira, Axel Bruns, and Dan Angus. “An Extension of Combinatorial Contextuality for Cognitive Protocols.” Frontiers in Psychology 13 (2022). DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871028.

Axel Bruns. "Future: Global Development in Media Uses and Effects." The International Encyclopedia of Media Effects. Eds. Patrick Rössler, Cynthia A. Hoffner, and Liesbet van Zoonen. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2017.

Thomas Nicolai, Lars Kirchhoff, Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, and Barry Saunders. "The Self-Googling Phenomenon: Investigating the Performance of Personalized Information Resources." First Monday 14.12 (7 Dec. 2009).

Lelia Green and Axel Bruns. ".au: Australia." Digital Review of Asia Pacific 2009-10. Eds. Felix Librero and Patricia B. Arinto. Montréal: Sage / IDRC / Orbicom, 2008.

Thomas Nicolai, Lars Kirchhoff, Axel Bruns, Jason Wilson, and Barry Saunders. " Google Yourself! Measuring the Performance of Personalized Information Resources." Paper presented at the AoIR 2008 conference, Copenhagen, 15-19 Oct. 2008.

Lelia Green and Axel Bruns. ".au: Australia." Digital Review of Asia Pacific 2007/2008. Eds. Felix Librero and Patricia B. Arinto. Montréal: Sage / IDRC / Orbicom, 2007.

Mobile Media

Liu Cheng and Axel Bruns. "Mobile News in Chinese Newspaper Groups: A Case Study of Yunnan Daily Press Group." In Mobile Technologies: From Telecommunications to Media, eds. Gerard Goggin and Larissa Hjorth. New York: Routledge, 2009. 187-201.

Axel Bruns, Rachel Cobcroft, Jude Smith, and Stephen Towers. "Mobile Learning Technologies and the Move towards 'User-Led Education'." Proceedings: Mobile Media 2007 (Sydney, 2-4 July 2007). Eds. Gerard Goggin and Larissa Hjorth. Sydney: University of Sydney, 2007. 326-334.

Liu Cheng and Axel Bruns. "Cell Phone SMS News in Chinese Newspaper Groups: A Case Study of Yunnan Daily Press Group." Proceedings: Mobile Media 2007 (Sydney, 2-4 July 2007). Eds. Gerard Goggin and Larissa Hjorth. Sydney: University of Sydney, 2007. 231-244.

New Media and/in Education

Axel Bruns and Jean Burgess. “Doing Blog Research.” In James Arthur et al., eds., Research Methods & Methodologies in Education. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2012.

Axel Bruns. “Beyond Difference: Reconfiguring Education for the User-Led Age.” In Ray Land and Siân Bayne, eds., Digital Difference: Perspectives on Online Learning. Rotterdam: Sense, 2011.

Axel Bruns and Sal Humphreys. "Building Collaborative Capacities in Learners: The M/Cyclopedia Project, Revisited." Proceedings of the the International Symposium on Wikis, Montréal, 21-23 Oct. 2007. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns, Rachel Cobcroft, Jude Smith, and Stephen Towers. "Mobile Learning Technologies and the Move towards 'User-Led Education'." Proceedings: Mobile Media 2007 (Sydney, 2-4 July 2007). Eds. Gerard Goggin and Larissa Hjorth. Sydney: University of Sydney, 2007. 326-334.

Axel Bruns. "Beyond Difference: Reconfiguring Education for the User-Led Age." Paper presented at ICE 3 (Ideas, Cyberspace, Education) conference at Ross Priory, Loch Lomond, Scotland, 21-23 March 2007.

Rachel Cobcroft, Stephen Towers, Judith Smith, and Axel Bruns. "Mobile Learning in Review: Opportunities and Challenges for Learners, Teachers, and Institutions." Proceedings of the Online Learning and Teaching Conference 2006. Brisbane: Queensland University of Technology, 2006.

Peter Duffy and Axel Bruns. "The Use of Blogs, Wikis and RSS in Education: A Conversation of Possibilities." Proceedings of the Online Learning and Teaching Conference 2006, Brisbane: Queensland University of Technology, 2006.

Stephen Towers, Jude Smith, and Axel Bruns. "E-Learning Environments: Generation C - The Missing Link." Proceedings of the Symposium on Teaching Technology in Higher Education: The 24/7 e-University. Perth, 2005.

Axel Bruns and Sal Humphreys. "Wikis in Teaching and Assessment: The M/Cyclopedia Project." Proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Wikis, San Diego, 17-18 Oct. 2005. Ed. Dirk Riehle. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2005. Also available from the WikiSym 2005 conference site.

Trebor Scholz and Axel Bruns. "Share, Share Widely: Technologies for Distributed Creativity." Interview with Axel Bruns (adjusted by Trebor Scholz) for WebCamTalk 1.0 (audio also available: 23MB MP3 or streaming media). Also published in "Dot Org Boom." Official publication of Pixelache Festival 2005.

Donna Lee Brien and Axel Bruns. "Teaching Electronic Creative Writing: A Report from the Creative Industries Frontline." Issues in Writing 13.2 (2003). (Longer pre-print version than the final piece published in the journal.)

Streaming Media

Axel Bruns, Brenda Moon, Felix Victor Münch, Patrik Wikström, Stefan Stieglitz, Florian Brachten, and Björn Ross. "Detecting Twitter Bots That Share SoundCloud Tracks." In Anatoliy Gruzd et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Social Media and Society. Copenhagen: ACM Press, 2018. 251–255. DOI:10.1145/3217804.3217923

Björn Ross, Florian Brachten, Stefan Stieglitz, Patrik Wikström, Brenda Moon, Felix Münch, and Axel Bruns. “Social Bots in a Commercial Context – A Case Study on SoundCloud.” Paper presented at the Twenty-Sixth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS2018), Portsmouth, 23-28 June 2018.

Axel Bruns. "The User-Led Disruption: Self-(Re)broadcasting at Justin.tv and Elsewhere." Paper presented at EuroITV, Leuven, Belgium, 4 June 2009. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Disruption 2.0: Broadcast vs. Social Media." Paper presented at the Australasian Media & Broadcasting Congress, Sydney, 25-26 Nov. 2008. (Slides + Audio presentation slides and audio)

Axel Bruns. "Reconfiguring Television for a Networked, Produsage Context." Media International Australia 126 (2008).

Axel Bruns. "Futures for Webcasting: Regulatory Approaches in Australia and the U.S." Sonic Synergies: Music, Identity, Technology and Community. Eds. Gerry Bloustien, Susan Luckman, and Margaret Peters. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2008. (Paper presented at the Sonic Synergies conference in Adelaide, 17-20 July 2003.)

Axel Bruns. "Fight for Survival: The RIAA's Sustained Attack on Streaming Media." M/C Journal 6.1 (Feb. 2003).

Intellectual Property

Axel Bruns. "Futures for Webcasting: Regulatory Approaches in Australia and the U.S." Sonic Synergies: Music, Identity, Technology and Community. Eds. Gerry Bloustien, Susan Luckman, and Margaret Peters. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2008. (Paper presented at the Sonic Synergies conference in Adelaide, 17-20 July 2003.)

Danny Butt and Axel Bruns. "Digital Rights Management and Music in Australasia." Media & Arts Law Review 10.4 (2005): 265-78.

Electronic Creative Writing and New Media Art

Donna Lee Brien and Axel Bruns. "Teaching Electronic Creative Writing: A Report from the Creative Industries Frontline." Issues in Writing 13.2 (2003). (Longer pre-print version than the final piece published in the journal.)

Axel Bruns. "Dancing about Architecture: Arts Resources Online." fineArt forum 17.4 (2003).

Reports and Discussion Papers

Timothy Graham, Axel Bruns, Guangnan Zhu, and Rod Campbell. Like a Virus: The Coordinated Spread of Coronavirus Disinformation. Report for the Australia Institute's Centre for Responsible Technology, May 2020.

Terry Flew, Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Orit Ben-Harush, Emma Potter, and Judith Newton. Support Frameworks for the Use of Social Media by Emergency Management Organisations. Policy Report. Brisbane: Digital Media Research Centre / Centre for Emergency and Disaster Management, 2015.

Theresa Sauter and Axel Bruns. Social Media in the Media: How Australian Media Perceive Social Media as Political Tools. Brisbane: ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation, 2013.

Axel Bruns, Jean Burgess, Kate Crawford, and Frances Shaw. #qldfloods and @QPSMedia: Crisis Communication on Twitter in the 2011 South East Queensland Floods. Brisbane: ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation, 2012.

Barbara Gligorijevic and Axel Bruns. New Media Services: Ratings and Recommendations Websites in the Travel and Tourism Industry. Sydney: Smart Services CRC, 2010.

Axel Bruns and Mark Bahnisch. Social Media Volume 1 - State of the Art. Sydney: Smart Services CRC, 2009.

Axel Bruns. Social Media Volume 2 - User Engagement Strategies. Sydney: Smart Services CRC, 2009.

Robert Fitzgerald and James Steele, eds. Digital Learning Communities (DLC): Investigating the Application of Social Software to Support Networked Learning (CG6-36). Final report to the Carrick Institute for Teaching and Learning / Australian Learning and Teaching Council. 2009.

Jen Webb et al. Australian Writing Programs Network (CG642). Final report to the Carrick Institute for Teaching and Learning / Australian Learning and Teaching Council. 2008.

Terry Flew, Stuart Cunningham, Axel Bruns, and Jason Wilson. "Social Innovation, User-Created Content and the Future of the ABC and SBS as Public Service Media." Submission to the ABC and SBS Review, Australian federal Department of Broadband, Communications, and the Digital Economy. Brisbane, 12 Dec. 2008.

Axel Bruns, Lars Kirchhoff, Thomas Nicolai, Jason Wilson, Barry Saunders, and Tim Highfield. "Discussion Paper: Network and Concept Maps for the Blogosphere." Discussion paper for blog mapping project, 1 May 2008.

Jude Smith, Axel Bruns, and Ross Daniels. Towards Critical, Collaborative and Creative ICT literacies: Integrating Innovative On Campus and Online Learning Environments. Report to the QUT Teaching and Learning Large Grant Forum, Tuesday 7 November 2006.

Theses

Axel Bruns. Resource Centre Sites: The New Gatekeepers of the Web? Ph.D. Thesis, University of Queensland, 2002.

Axel Bruns. 'Every Home Is Wired': The Use of Internet Discussion Fora by a Subcultural Community. Honours Thesis, University of Queensland, 1998.

Book Reviews

Axel Bruns. "Memory Lane: Henry Jenkins's Fans, Bloggers, and Gamers." M/C Reviews 5 Nov. 2006.

Axel Bruns. "Stating the Obvious: Eileen R. Meehan's Why TV Is Not Our Fault." International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics 2.3 (2006): 359-67.

Axel Bruns. "The Shoulders of Giants: The New Media Reader." (Eds. Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Nick Montfort.) fineArt forum 17.11 (2003).

Axel Bruns. "Past, Present - and Future? A Short History of Cultural Studies by John Hartley." Continuum: Journal of Media and Cultural Studies 17.4 (Dec. 2003).

Axel Bruns. "Broad Perspective: New Media: An Introduction by Terry Flew." M/C Reviews (2003).

Axel Bruns. "Lighting a Candle: Geert Lovink's Dark Fiber. " M/C Reviews (2003).

Axel Bruns. "File under 'Heavy': Scott Lash's Critique of Information. " M/C Reviews (2003).