Politics

The next speakers in this AoIR 2022 session are Tuomas Heikkilä and Salla-Maaria Laaksonen, whose interest is in pseudoanonymous communicators during the COVID-19 crisis. These users use semi-stable pseudonyms, so they are neither identifiable nor fully anonymous, and the present study explored their role in political debate around the pandemic. This builds on the theory of connective action: organised communication without the presence of a central organisation coordinating activities. This can be more personal, more scalable, and more rapid.

Anonymity has long been studied online; it enables public participation while concealing real-name identities. But the platformisation of the Internet has …

The next session at AoIR 2022 that I’m attending is on the COVID-19 pandemic, and we start with Hossein Kermani, whose focus is on the situation in Iran (and he begins with a shoutout to the people who are currently fighting their brutal regime in the streets – and online spaces – of Iran). He notes that there is plenty of research on intermedia agenda-setting, but questions about the mutual influence between traditional and social media in non-democratic countries have yet to be properly addressed.

In such countries, media will usually be more strongly restricted, and social media could thus …

The final speaker in this AoIR 2022 session is Vivian Gerrand, whose focus is on alternative narratives that may be used to disrupt the misogynist manosphere and counter violent extremism (CVE). This is not only an online task, as such networks also extend into the offline space, and it must address both push and pull factors.

The present paper specifically focusses on the role of drawing in disrupting misogyny and providing alternative narratives. Such narratives directly address root causes such as real and perceived grievances; they acknowledge the kernel of truth underlying such grievances, and are delivered through credible messages …

The next speaker in this AoIR 2022 session is Debbie Ging, whose focus is on Incel ideology online. Incels are men who believe themselves to be unfairly disadvantaged in then sexual marketplace, leading them to extremely misogynist ideation and sometimes action, with links to broader alt-right and far-right ideologies. But they have often been studied through temporary snapshots, rather than focussing on the dynamics in such communities, and the ConCel project that produced this paper is an attempt to address this limitation in the existing research. It takes a more diachronic, ecological, and ecosystem approach to the Incelsphere.

The project …

It’s Friday morning, and the warm glow of being at an in-person AoIR 2022 conference still hasn’t worn off yet. I’m starting with the session on radicalisation, and the first paper is by Diana Zulli and Marcus Mann. They’re interested in early-stage radicalisation, which has been studied in offline and online contexts for some time already. This involves the radicalisation of beliefs, but also social processes of connection, and both are motivated by the search for significance and the development of new social networks. But online radicalisation is also affected by the structure of online platforms, while there is very …

The final speaker in this AoIR 2022 session is Giovanni Daniele Starita, whose focus is on the endemic populist nature of political discourse, especially in digital spheres, in Italy. Not all Italian politicans are populist, but they all seem to ‘do’ populism – well beyond typical actors such as Berlusconi, Grillo, and Salvini.

The focus here is on Italy’s new Prime Minister Georgia Meloni and former Prime Minister Matteo Renzi, exploring their uses of backstage, frontstage, and mid-region behaviours in their social media activities. This also draws on understandings of populism as a political style, and of celebrity politics – …

The next paper in this AoIR 2022 session is by my predecessor as AoIR president, the excellent Jennifer Stromer-Galley. Her focus is on the rhetoric of Donald Trump and Joe Biden in the 2020 US presidential election. Such leadership communication matters, and actively shapes the public understanding of politics – as the 6 January 2021 coup attempt at the US Capitol clearly shows.

Such language constructs social imaginaries – and in the case of Democrat and Republican politicians, perhaps now multiple mutually exclusive social imaginaries – that are constitutive of the socio-communicative realities their voters believe they live in. Jenny’s …

The next presenter in this AoIR 2022 session is my current University of Zürich colleague Sina Blassnig, who shifts our focus to the users of social media platforms. They need political knowledge to make rational decisions, but this is difficult in today’s high-choice informational environments; one key source for such information, of course, are search engines, but research on their role with regard to political issues and referenda remains very limited. The current study explores this in the Swiss content, examining how often Swiss citizens search for information on upcoming referenda. Generally, such search practices may be related to demographic …

I’m chairing the next AoIR 2022 session, which starts with Márton Bene and a focus on populist political communication, which is highly people-centred, anti-elitist, and targetting dangerous ‘others’. Social media have become a key space for such populist communication, and populist elements are often strategically combined with other content elements, and conditioned by actors’ political positions and goals. This project explores this for the 2019 European Parliamentary election, which may be a particularly easy target for anti-elitist populist communication, and less so for people-centred communication.

The question here is how this plays out at the page and post level on …

The final paper in this AoIR 2022 session is presented by my colleague Dan Angus, who shifts our focus to patterns of advertising in the 2022 Australian federal election. The slides are below, too. There are a number of tools for the analysis of online political advertising that have started to emerge in recent times, exploring for instance ad spending, audience targetting, and political messaging. But we need more data from the platforms and develop further tools to do this kind of work at scale and discover dodgy activities. This is also critical for journalists, and academic collaborations with journalists …