Politics

The next speaker in this ECREA 2022 session is Martin Lundqvist, whose interest is in the use of memes in the Northern Ireland conflict, where riots continue to occur with ‘monotonous regularity’, as a local judge recently pointed out. How do online memes engage with these continuing troubles? While we know much about meme culture overall, there is considerably less research on their role in such contexts of continuing post-war violence. Can they also speak to peace-building processes?

While the Northern Ireland peace process has progressed considerably, there are still deep divisions and significant segregation between the two communities. In …

The next speaker in this ECREA 2022 session is Joan Ramon Rodriguez-Amat, whose interest is in digital protest cultures on TikTok, or in what he calls the overspilt public sphere. TikTok has become considerably more important in recent years, and this has had some interesting consequences; in Russia, for instance, TikTok now limits its content to Russian-made material, and Russian youth are actively seeking to circumvent such restrictions.

The Russian media environment is complicated and hostile, with comprehensive state capture of almost all media outlets and outright censorship of reporting on the Ukraine war. But social media have proved much …

The next speaker in this ECREA 2022 is Robert Topinka, whose interest is in reactionary digital cultures in the ‘post-pandemic’ environment. He is also releasing a report on this work. Such reactionary politics in the context of COVID-19 largely involves the rejection of the general consensus, and a call to take control of your own body. This is linked with far-right body culture, and any debunking and criticism from the mainstream just ends up reinforcing the message.

Instead of tracking extremist content to label it as disinformation and debunk it, there is therefore a need to understand how people drift …

The final speaker in this ECREA 2022 session is Maria Kyriakidou, whose focus is on journalistic understandings of disinformation. This is as part of the Countering Disinformation research project.

The project drew on nine semi-structured interviews with UK-based journalists, editors, and fact-checkers in January 2020 to explore how they understood disinformation, and how saw their role in tackling it. Such perspectives may well have evolved further in the face of the subsequent COVID-19 pandemic, of course.

Much of the focus in the journalists’ responses was on political lies at this stage, therefore, and they noted that politicians now appear far …

The final presentation in this ECREA 2022 session is by Daniel Thiele, whose focus is on right-wing populist communication. This is highly visible in social media spaces and in the comments sections of news sites, and may both harm democratic debate or revitalise political engagement. The concrete question tackled by this paper, then, is how such right-wing populist content is affecting the deliberative quality of comments on Facebook.

Deliberation can be assessed against five key aspects: reciprocity, argumentation, sourcing, politeness, and civility. The study used this framework to explore the Facebook responses to original comments on the Facebook pages of …

The third presentation in this ECREA 2022 session is by Uta Rußmann, and examined the Facebook pages of political parties in the 2019 European elections. It focusses especially on the visual practices of such pages. User engagement with such content can shape political discourse, as it affects the visibility of the content on Facebook due to the platform’s algorithmic logics; parties actively adjust their social media practices to generate such engagement, of course. Negative statements, humour, personalised content, and populist statements are all seen as increasing engagement – as is multimedia content.

Visual forms are strongly connected with everyday political …

The next speaker in this ECREA 2022 session is Anna-Louisa Sacher, whose focus is on the debate about freedom of speech in Germany. Such debates are increasingly heated now, both with respect to terms like “cancel culture” and to a perceived “hate climate”. Right-wing populist actors have particularly inflamed such debates by focussing on specific culture war issues.

There are only a few studies that have studied people’s understandings and perceptions of their freedom of speech in Germany, however. The present study begins from the premise of the democratic dilemma that balances free speech and freedom from discrimination. This is …

The next session at ECREA 2022 is on online deliberation, and begins with Dennis Frieß. He notes that participation in online discussion is now a popular form of online engagement, and normatively it is important that such discussions are pluralistic and inclusive – but in reality they are often dominated by a handful of participants. The question therefore is who speaks out in such online environments. (This also links to Spiral of Silence theory, of course.)

Such participation is thus affected by the perceived climate of opinion within society overall, and the opinion climate in a specific communicative situation. It …

The final speaker in this ECREA 2022 session is David Nicolas Hopmann, presenting on a multinational study of Europeans’ attitudes towards their news media diets as part of the curiously named ThreatPie project. The present paper explores people’s ideas about what a ‘healthy’ diet is; what diets they actually consume; and what perceptions they have of the media their peers consumed. This was done for Germany, Poland, Romania, Spain, and the UK, with younger (18-25) and older (55+) adults. A larger survey of 18 countries will follow.

Younger adults had a clear idea of a healthy media diet: a balance …

The next ECREA 2022 session is on media exposure, and begins with Ole Kelm. He notes the expansion of political participation through the use of online and social media; we now have institutional participation, protests, civic engagement, political consumerism, online activities, and other forms of participation both on- and offline. Political consumerism in particular includes elements such as boycotts, buycotts, discursive political consumerism, and lifestyle political consumerism.

News consumption underpins those activities, and the role of news consumption in boycotts and buycotts has already been investigated; social media activities and political discussions further inform and influence such forms of action …