Twitter is a vital platform for organizing, coordinating, and amplifying voices during protests all around the world, especially in non-democratic countries (Tufekci 2017). Yet, not only does this platform allow minorities and protesters to have a voice and be heard, but also to spread propaganda, sow discord, and crowd out genuine voices – sometimes even through the use of social bots (Shao et al. 2018).
Although Twitter is a globally used platform for protest movements, many studies focus on English-speaking and democratic countries representing the so-called West. Only a very few studies focus on the Middle East and, if so, limit their investigation to the English content (e.g. Featherman 2015; Thieltges et al. 2018). We overcome this research gap and investigate the Persian-, English-, and Arabic- speaking actors and content during Twitter discussions of the 2019-20 protests in Iran.
Dehghan, Ehsan, Brenda Moon, Tobias Keller, Tim Graham, Axel Bruns, and Dan Angus. “Investigating Bots and Coordinated Influence Campaigns in Twitter Discussions of the 2019-20 Iran Protests.” Selected Papers of Internet Research (Oct. 2020). DOI: 10.5210/spir.v2020i0.11199.